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Wilson's Creek and Pea Ridge Civil War battlefields and Park Service visitor's centers
Fort Defiance Civil War Park & Interpretive Center的点评
点评：Located in southwest Missouri (Wilson's Creek) and northwest Arkansas (Pea Ridge), these two civil war battlefields and visitor's centers are worthwhile for experienced and novice history buffs alike. Wilson's Creek is just south and a little west of Springfield, MO, and the visitor's center there has a wealth of artifacts from one of the first major battles in the Trans-Mississippi venue of the U.S. Civil War. Missouri, being a border state, in which slave holding areas were largely, but not totally, due to slave labor, is interesting as German immigrants who settled in crop growing areas of Missouri were pro-Union and the 'native' early U.S. settlers were more pro-CSA. The paved route along the battlefield sites has one original farmhouse and a Park Service employee is present to tell the story of the family whose home was turned into a field hospital where the wounded of both sides were treated. Wilson's Creek's visitor's center will take about an hour to two hours for even a cursory walk-through of the artifacts and the short film (30 minutes or so) was quite well done. Pea Ridge has a nice visitor's center, and the film there, like Wilson's Creek's film, gives the viewers a short history lesson of slavery in this region, in the U.S. pre-Civil War, and how these battles were fought, and when, and the impact on the war generally. The artifacts at Pea Ridge are not quite as extensive as Wilson's Creek, but are still worthwhile to view and read about. Both visitor's centers have books for sale and I bought the book by author Jeff Shaara entitled 'Civil War Battlefields' (ten are reviewed in "Rick Steves" format, including Gettysburg, Vicksburg, Shiloh, Cold Harbor and Petersburg. After reading this, 'Gods and Generals' and 'The Last Full Measure' is next on my history reading list.
翻译：这两个内战战场和游客中心分别位于密苏里州西南部（威尔逊溪）和阿肯色州西北部（豌豆岭），对于经验丰富的历史爱好者和新手来说都值得一看。威尔逊溪位于密苏里州斯普林菲尔德以南偏西一点的地方，那里的游客中心收藏着大量美国内战期间跨密西西比州战场上第一场重大战役的文物。密苏里州是一个边境州，奴隶区大部分（但并非全部）是由奴隶劳动形成的，这一点很有意思，因为在密苏里州农作物种植区定居的德国移民支持联邦，而“本土”早期美国定居者则更支持 CSA。战场遗址沿线的铺砌道路上有一座原始农舍，公园管理局的一名员工在场讲述了一个家庭的故事，他们的家被改造成战地医院，双方的伤员都在那里接受治疗。威尔逊溪游客中心需要一到两个小时才能粗略地参观一下这些文物，短片（30 分钟左右）制作得相当不错。豌豆岭有一个不错的游客中心，那里的电影，就像威尔逊溪的电影一样，为观众提供了一堂简短的历史课，介绍了美国内战前该地区的奴隶制，以及这些战斗是如何进行的、何时进行的，以及对战争的总体影响。豌豆岭的文物不如威尔逊溪那么丰富，但仍然值得一看和一读。两个游客中心都有书出售，我买了作者杰夫·沙拉的书《内战战场》（十本以“里克·史蒂夫”格式评论的书，包括葛底斯堡、维克斯堡、希洛、冷港和彼得斯堡）。读完这本书后，《众神与将军》和《最后的全量》将是我历史阅读清单上的下一本书。
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